辛辛那提红人队（Cincinnati Reds），美国职业棒球专营权，总部位于俄亥俄州辛辛那提。红人队成立于1882年，曾在国家联盟（NL）中打球。他们赢得了五个世界大赛冠军（1919、1940、1975、1976、1990）和九个NL三角旗。
测验
世界组织：事实还是虚构？
北大西洋公约组织始于中世纪。
辛辛那提市声称拥有第一支真正的职业棒球队，即红色长袜，该队于1869年开始比赛，在与业余俱乐部的前81场比赛中始终不败。 1876年，另一支同名的辛辛那提足球队是NL的创始成员之一，但由于在周日进行比赛并允许其喝酒，该队于1880年被逐出联盟。尽管1882年（当时有一支被禁止的NL阵容中的一些成员加入的Red Stocking俱乐部加入了新生的美国协会（AA）），但美国职棒大联盟正式承认该俱乐部是本赛季的第一年，但大多数辛辛那提人仍然认为Reds是最老的棒球专营权，而Reds组织本身也将这些较早的俱乐部纳入了球队历史。
红袜队在他们的第一个赛季就获得了AA的冠军，并且在联盟的八年中大部分时间里都取得了胜利记录。车队于1890年迁回NL，同年将其昵称简称为“ Reds”。辛辛那提（Cincinnati）在19世纪末和20世纪初一直派遣了一些中等水平的球队，直到1919年，才完成了不排名第三的国家队。1919年的小队在前进的道路上赢得了96场比赛，仅次于外场手埃德·罗什（Edd Roush）和投手多尔夫·卢克（Dolf Luque）专营权的第一个世界大赛卧铺。红军在芝加哥白袜队的比赛中以5胜3负的战绩赢得了世界大赛，但当八名芝加哥球员被指控行贿以抛出该系列赛时，他们的冠军头衔就被削弱了（请参阅《黑袜丑闻》）。辛辛那提的成功是短暂的，但是，在1920年代中期，车队又回到了NL底部，进行了漫长的拉伸，包括从1931年到1934年的四次连续的最后位置。
In 1938 the Reds’ young star pitcher Johnny Vander Meer became the only player in baseball history to throw no-hitters in consecutive starts. Vander Meer was a part of a nucleus of players that also included future Hall of Fame catcher Ernie Lombardi and that led the Reds to NL pennants in 1939 and 1940, as well as a World Series win in the latter season. By the middle of the decade, the Reds again found themselves routinely finishing in the bottom half of the NL.
Fearing association with communism at the height of the Red Scare in the United States, the team officially changed its nickname to “Redlegs” from 1954 to 1959. During this period one of the Reds’ few bright spots was Ted (“Big Klu”) Kluszewski, a power-hitting first baseman who famously cut the sleeves off his uniform to free his huge biceps. In 1956 Cincinnati called up outfielder Frank Robinson from the minor leagues, and he quickly became one of the biggest stars in the game. Robinson led the Reds to a pennant in 1961 (which was followed by a loss to the New York Yankees in the World Series), but in 1965 he was traded to the Baltimore Orioles for three players of relatively little consequence in what is considered by many observers to be one of the worst trades in the history of the game.
Baseball in the 1970s was dominated by Cincinnati teams known as the “Big Red Machine,” which had left behind Crosley Field, with its distinctive left field terrace, for a new home, Riverfront Stadium. Boasting a regular lineup that featured three future Hall of Famers (catcher Johnny Bench, second baseman Joe Morgan, and first baseman Tony Pérez) as well as all-time major league hits leader Pete Rose, the Big Red Machine—under the guidance of manager Sparky Anderson—won five division titles in the first seven years of the decade. The Machine’s first two trips to the World Series ended in disappointment, however, as it lost to Robinson’s Orioles in 1970 and the Oakland Athletics in 1972, which was followed by a surprising loss to the underdog New York Mets in the 1973 NL Championship Series. The years of frustration ended in 1975, when the Reds won a remarkable 108 games and beat the Boston Red Sox for the franchise’s first World Series title in 35 years. While the 1976 Reds won six fewer games than their 1975 counterparts, they led major league baseball in all the major offensive statistical categories and swept both teams they faced in the postseason en route to a second consecutive championship, leading a number of baseball historians to claim that they were the second greatest team ever, after the famed 1927 Yankees.
The Reds closed out the 1970s with two second-place divisional finishes and an NL Championship Series loss in 1979, but they missed out on the postseason in each season of the following decade. The team’s most notable event of the 1980s was the 1989 lifetime ban from baseball of then manager Rose for gambling on the sport.
In 1990 the Reds surprisingly rebounded from their turbulent 1989 by winning their division after having never fallen out of first place for the entire season, the first time the feat had occurred in NL history. Behind first-year manager Lou Piniella, all-star shortstop Barry Larkin, and a motley crew of relief pitchers known as the “Nasty Boys,” the Reds swept Oakland to win the franchise’s fifth World Series.
Cincinnati fielded a few competitive teams through 1999, but the Reds of the first decade of the 21st century finished most of their seasons with losing records. In 2003 the Reds got a new home, the Great American Ball Park.
In 2010 the Reds ended a 15-year play-off drought—and surprised most baseball observers—by winning a divisional title after having placed no higher than third in their division in the previous nine seasons. Cincinnati bested that achievement in 2012 by winning 97 games (the team’s highest win total since the days of the Big Red Machine) and captured another NL Central championship. The Reds were then eliminated in the Division Series, and, the following year, the team won 90 games but lost in a one-game Wild Card play-off. Cincinnati could not continue its unexpected success, and the team returned to the lower echelons of the NL the following season.
