Nek Chand印度艺术家
Nek Chand印度艺术家
Anonim

内克·钱德·塞尼Nek Chand Saini)的全职照片(生于1924年12月15日,印度人,大不列颠帝国帝国[现位于巴基斯坦旁遮普省]贝里安·卡兰,蒂勒·夏卡尔加尔,2015年6月12日去世,印度昌迪加尔),印度自学成才。这位以将垃圾和杂物转化为昌迪加岩石花园而闻名的艺术家,昌迪加岩石花园是印度昌迪加尔郊区森林中成千上万个雕塑的集合。

青春期时,钱德(Chand)离开家与叔叔住在一起,上高中。毕业后,他回到家人的村庄成为农民。但是,在1947年英国统治结束后的印度分裂之后,钱德的印度教家庭被迫逃离了属于穆斯林巴基斯坦边界的村庄。 1955年,昌德定居在旁遮普邦和哈里亚纳邦州首府昌迪加尔。瑞士建筑师勒·柯布西耶(Le Corbusier)正在重建这座城市,后者曾被印度政府选中,从头开始设计首都。 Chand在公共工程部门找到了道路检查员的工作。从1958年开始,在闲暇时间,钱德开始为他设想的在毗邻城市的森林中建造的花园收集材料。在18年的时间里,他骑着自行车前往城市和乡村,寻找岩石和石头,垃圾堆中的可回收废物以及20个左右的小村庄的残骸,这些小村庄被夷为平地创建了新城市。 1965年,他开始建造花园并组织空间。由于钱德被政府指定为禁止建筑区,是受保护的公共土地,所以钱德秘密从事秘密工作。

1972年,一位政府官员发现了该项目,并且由于公众对钱德花园的支持日益增多(当时占地12英亩(约5公顷)),政府没有将其摧毁。取而代之的是,将其置于政府的监督之下,并聘请钱德(Chandra)监督该项目,并提供了50名员工协助完成该项目。尽管该岩石花园于1976年向公众开放,但钱德(Chand)和他的工作人员继续建造并将该场地扩大到大约30英亩(约12公顷)。

Each of Chand’s sculptures—the figures, both animal and human, number in the thousands—was created from concrete poured over some form of metal armature, such as a recycled bicycle frame. The figures were then adorned with shards of pottery and porcelain, glass, bottle caps, or any other type of discarded material that offered texture. They stand in stiff postures, and their faces are masklike. Chand situated the figures throughout the garden in neatly arranged groups, with the result that they look somewhat like frozen armies. The garden also includes architectural features, such as plazas, courtyards, archways, a large series of swings meant to be used by visitors, and a stone amphitheatre. The landscaping, lush and complex, includes waterfalls and flowing streams.

Chand and his garden became national treasures. In 1980 he was awarded the Grand Medal of Vermeil from the city of Paris, in 1983 the garden was pictured on an Indian postage stamp, and a year later Chand was presented with India’s Padma Shri award (1984; one of India’s highest civilian awards) for distinguished service in the arts. Chand was also commissioned to create gardens elsewhere, notably the Fantasy Garden at the National Children’s Museum in Washington, D.C. (dismantled in 2004), and continued to be the subject of exhibitions in Europe and the United States.