圣墓教堂，又称圣墓教堂，建于耶稣受难和埋葬的传统遗址上。根据圣经（约翰福音19：41-42），他的坟墓靠近被钉十字架的地方，因此教会计划将十字架和坟墓的地点都封闭起来。
测验
中东：事实还是虚构？
阿联酋由男爵统治。
圣墓教堂位于耶路撒冷旧城的西北区。君士坦丁大帝首先在现场建造了一座教堂。它专用于大约336 ce，由波斯人在614年烧毁，由摩德斯图斯（Theodosius修道院的住持，616-626）修复，被哈里发al-Ḥākimbi-AmrAllāh摧毁，并于1009年被拜占庭修复君士坦丁九世莫诺马克斯。在12世纪，十字军对教堂进行了全面重建。从那时起，经常需要维修，修复和重塑。现在的教堂主要建于1810年。
在2016年，包围坟墓的神殿被称为重大修restoration，该坟墓本身是几个世纪以来第一次对外开放。从坟墓的原始石灰石表面和覆盖该坟墓的大理石板之间采集了灰浆样本，这些碎片的年代可追溯至345年。以前的考古证据只能追溯到十字军时代。这一发现为该遗址上最早的神社提供了证据，而其他一些过时的样本也证实了重建的历史顺序。
This site has been continuously recognized since the 4th century as the place where Jesus died, was buried, and rose from the dead. Indeed, the Rock of Calvary, where the Crucifixion is believed to have occurred, is encased in glass at the lavish Altar of the Crucifixion and is the most-visited area within the church. Whether it is the actual location, however, has been hotly debated. It cannot be determined that Christians during the first three centuries ce could or did preserve an authentic tradition as to where these events occurred. Members of the Christian church in Jerusalem fled to Pella about 66 ce, and Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 ce. Wars, destruction, and confusion during the following centuries possibly prevented preservation of exact information. Another question involves the course of the second north wall of ancient Jerusalem. Some archaeological remains on the east and south sides of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre are widely interpreted to mark the course of the second wall. If so, the site of the church lay just outside the city wall in the time of Jesus, and this could be the actual place of his Crucifixion and burial. No rival site is supported by any real evidence.
The site is also venerated as the location where St. Helena, the mother of Constantine the Great, located the True Cross of Christ’s Crucifixion. The Chapel of St. Helena was built by the Crusaders in her honour, and below it lies the Chapel of the Finding of the True Cross, in which the relic was reportedly discovered.
Various Christian groups, including the Greek, Roman, Armenian, and Coptic churches, control parts of the present church and conduct services regularly.
