西班牙西南部安达卢西亚自治区的加的斯省（省）的加的斯市，首都和主要港口。这个城市位于一个狭长的半岛上，延伸到加的斯湾（大西洋的入口）。这个城市只有6到7英里（9.5到11公里）的周长，被围墙保护的大海所包围，只有一个陆地出口。
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瑞士的拉丁名字是什么？
传统上，据说它是由腓尼基商人从提尔（Tire）最早于1100年建立的，当时被称为加迪尔（Gadir）（意思是“围墙”），由迦太基人占领，大约在501年。1980年或更早时候在两个不同的地点发现了腓尼基石棺，这使该城市的腓尼基起源得到了认可。
在第二次布匿战争结束时，这座城市甘愿向罗马投降，从那时起，盖德（Gades）的繁荣日益稳定。1980年在波普洛（Pópulo）郊区发现了罗马剧院，该剧院是西班牙最古老，保存最完好的剧院之一。5世纪，这座城市被西哥特人摧毁。摩尔人对港口的统治一直持续到711年至1262年，当时卡迪斯被卡斯蒂利亚的阿方索十世（Alfonso X.
它的新繁荣始于1492年美国的发现，当时它成为西班牙宝藏船队的总部。在16世纪，它击退了巴巴里海盗的一系列袭击；在1587年，弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士（Francis Drake）领导下的一个英国中队将其港口船只焚毁。在遭到英国的封锁（1797–98）和轰炸（1800）之后，它在1810–12被法国包围，在此期间，它曾是不受拿破仑控制的整个西班牙的首都。西班牙议会在这里举行会议并制定了1812年3月著名的自由宪法。
The loss of the Spanish colonies in the Americas dealt a blow to the trade of Cádiz from which it never recovered. Its decline was later accelerated by the disasters of the Spanish-American War of 1898 and by its antiquated harbour works. After 1900, considerable improvements were made in quayside construction, and recovery proceeded steadily. In the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) Cádiz fell to the Nationalists almost at once and served as an important port of entry for reinforcements from Spanish Morocco. In 1947 the city suffered great damage from the explosion of a naval arms store.
Industrial development is rather limited, but important naval and mercantile shipbuilding yards and various factories exist on the mainland (metalworking and food processing), and there are tuna fisheries off the coast. The city is primarily a commercial port, exporting wine (principally sherry from Jerez de la Frontera), salt, olives, figs, cork, and salted fish and importing coal, iron and machinery, timber, cereals, coffee, and other foodstuffs. Several shipping lines call there, and passenger traffic is important, mainly to the Canary Islands. A military airfield and a Spanish-U.S. air base, Rota, are nearby. Along the Bay of Cádiz, a metropolitan area has formed with a commercial centre.
Notable landmarks include the old cathedral, originally built by Alfonso X of Castile (1252–84) and rebuilt after 1596; and the Baroque cathedral, begun in 1722 and completed in 1838, where the composer Manuel de Falla (1876–1946) is buried and which holds a magnificent collection of art treasures. Other landmarks include San Sebastián and Santa Catalina castles, numerous museums, and the famous Torre de Vigía (100 feet [30 metres]), a signal tower in the centre of the city. Cádiz’s lively annual carnival, held the week leading up to Shrove Tuesday, includes processions, costumes, music, dancing, and contests. The celebration is modeled after the renowned carnivals of Venice, which had an active trade with Cádiz in the 16th century. Pop. (2007 est.) 128,554.
